Kırmızı Akdeniz topraklarında katena - toprak ve C horidozonu - toprak ilişkileri

Abstract

In this study relationship between catena and soil and C horizon and soil in Red Mediterranean Soils developed over limestone in the Antalya region were studied. A total of seven soil profile in two lines, four on the four different steps at the west line starting from Kadmdağı bul, 1250 m, in the north and hying towards the south, and three on the three different steps at the east line starting from Mercimek hill, 1250 m, in the north and hying toward the south, were opened. In the profiles, relationships between parent material and soil, and catena and soil were exposed by the determination of the morphological physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of soils. Locations of the profiles were determined by using of the topographic maps, 1/25000, and air photographs taken in 1981 and 1992. Seven sou profiles on four different steps, 1250- 1200, 750-650, 350-250 and 150-50 m, in two lines were opened, and after the morphological descriptions of the profiles, soil samples were taken according to the genetic horizon system. In the soil samples, analyses of texture, pH, carbonate, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable cations, free Fe, clay mineralogy carried out, whereas a sample taken from the limestone was used for chemical analyses and thin section studies. Results showed that entire morphologic and chemical properties of the profiles showed considerable similarities to red Mediterranean Soils, except dark red colors (2.5 YR). In the all profiles, advanced level of decalcification and rubification processes and were determined. Examination of the limestone showed that low level of free Fe content was in harmony with C horizon, although it was not in harmony with soil material Furthermore a discordance was also detected between C horizon and A and B horizons for clay mineralogy and mineral crystaDizatioa At the same time, weathering of the kaolinite that is the not the case in the Mediterranean climate is another features determined. Although most of the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of soils showed similarity to the properties of Red Mediterranean Sou, some of them were not similar, such as color, Fe content and mineralogical properties, that is too important to eliminate for soil genesis. 106Consequently, development of Red Mediterranean Soils over Miocene hard limestone are twofold, one soil material could have been started to developed in sini and the second some of the soil materials transported by winds from the North Africa, and after the deposition could have been started to weathering in the Mediterranean ecology to develop soil material.